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Abstract
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) is one type of spice plant that has high antioxidant content because of the high eugenol compounds. However, iso-lating these bioactive compounds require a significant amount of biomass. A known alternative solution to overcome the problems is through the utiliza-tion of endophytic bacteria in clove leaves. Endophytic cloves leaf bacteria can be a good antioxidant resource. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that grow in plant tissues that is not pathogenic, which can replace these plants. The aim of this study is isolating endophytic bacterial from clove leaves, screening endophytic bacteria, determining potential endophytic bacteria as producer antioxidant compounds, and identifying potential isolate using 16S rRNA. This study used endophytic bacteria isolated from clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum L.). Antioxidant activity determined using DPPH method. It was founded 7 isolates of endophytic bacteria namely WDY1, WDY2, WDY3, WDY4, WDY5, WDY6, and WDY7. The isolate WDY6 shows the highest antioxidant activity. WDY6 isolate is identical to Staphylococcus sp. with a 100% similarity. Staphylococcus sp. has the highest antioxidant activ-ity in the stationary phase. The content of chemical compounds from WDY6 isolates is pyrazine that belongs to alkaloids.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Sogandi, S., Triandriani, W., Saputri, D., & Suhendar, U. (2020). Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Extract Isolated from Clove Leaf (Syzygium aromaticum L.). Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 1(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.01.01.02
References
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Isolasi Eugenol dari minyak daun cengkeh skala pilot plant. Jurnal Sains dan
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Antioxidants of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Prevent Metal Induced Oxidative Damage of Biomolecules. Int. Res. J. Pharm. Vol 6 (4) : 273-278 DOI
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Isolation and molecular identification of Endophytic bacteria from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia l.) and their antibacterial activity. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 299 012020.
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DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Leafy Vegetables Used by Tribals of Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies. Vol 1 (4) : 21-
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Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) Sebagai Inhibitor Streptococcus mutans. Al-kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi. 12(2) :
229-239 DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v
12i2.12251.
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583–606.
[26] Zinniel DK, Lambrecht P, Harris BN, Feng Z, Kuczmarski D, Higley P, Ishimaru CA, Arunakumari A, Barletta RG, Vidaver AK. 2002. Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 68(5):
2198-2208.
[27] Motlhanka, D.M.T., Habtemariam, S., Houghton, P. 2008. Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Crude Extracts and 4-O-Methylepigallocatechin Isolated From Roots of Cassine transvaalensis Burtt-Davy from Botswana. African Journal of Biomedical Research. Vol 11
: 55-63. ISSN 1119 – 5096
[28] Sahu, R.K., Kar, M., Routray, R. 2013.
DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Leafy Vegetables Used by Tribals of Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies. Vol 1 (4) : 21-
27 ISSN:2320-3862.
[29] Demla M,Verma H . 2012. Invitro antioxidant activity,total phenolic and total flavonoid content of different extracts of Solanum xanthocarpum Berries. International Journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences.
4:154-157.
[30] Rojas, D.F.C., Souza, C.R.F., Oliveira, W.P. 2014. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) : a precious spice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Vol 4 (2) : 90-96.
[31] Chaieb, K., Zmantar, T., Ksouri, R., Hajlaoui, H., Mahdouani, K., Abdelly, C. and Bakhrouf, A. 2007. Antioxidant properties of the essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata and its antifungal activity against a large number of clinical
Candida species. Mycoses 50: 403-406.
[32] Stanbury P, Whitaker A, Hall S (2016) Principles of Fermentation Technology. Third Edition. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford.
[33] Sogandi, Apon ZM, I Made A, Bugi RB. (2015). Inhibitory activity of Lactobacillus plantarum U10 isolated from Tempoyak (Fermented Durian) Made in Indnesia against Salmonella typhi. Microbiology Indonesia. 9(2): 73-
81.
[34] Candrawati, E., Rupaedah, B., Sumpono, Sundaryono, A. 2018. Ability of Active Compound Extract of Endophytic Bacteria to Inhibit the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. in Oil Palm. Journal of Biotechnology and Biosains. Vol 5 (2) : 214-221 ISSN :
2548 – 611X.
[35] Harris, L.G., Foster, S.J., Richards, R.G. 2002. An introduction to Staphylococcus aureus, and techniques for identifying and quantifying Staphylococcus aureus adhesins in relation to adhesion to biomaterials : review. European cells and materials. Vol 4 : 39-60 ISSN 1473-2262.
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[38] Nakatsuji, T., Chen, T.H., Butcher, A.M., Trzoss, L.L., Nam, S.J., Shirakawa, K.T., Zhou, W., Oh, J., Otto, M., Fenical, W., Gallo, R.L. 2018. A Commensal Strain of Staphylococcus
epidermidis Protects Against Skin
Neoplasia. Sci. Adv. DOI :
10.1126/sciadv.aao4502 .
[39] Nawangsih, A.A., Damayanti, I., Wiyono, S., Kartika, J.G. 2011. Selection and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Disease. Hayati Journal of Biosciences. Vol. 18 (2) : 66-70 DOI :
10.4308/hjb.18.2.66.
[40] Sogandi, Rabima. 2019. Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) dan Potensinya sebagai Antioksidan. Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi. 22(5): 206-212. DOI:
10.14710/jksa.22.5.206-212.
[41] Yulia, R dan Wijaya I.S. 2015.
Senyawa Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol
Glycine max (L.) Merr Varietas Detam 1
Hasil Ekstraksi Ultrasonik. Jurnal Sains
Farmasi & Klinis. Vol.02 No.01.
[42] Wang, P., Kong, F., Wei, J., Wang. Y., Wang, W., Hong, K., Zhu, W. 2014. Alkaloids from the Mangrove-Derived Actinomycetes Jishengella endophytica
161111. Mar. Drugs. Vol. 12 (1) : 477-
490 DOI : 10.3390/md12010477
[2] Barthwal, J., Nair, S., Kakkar, P., 2008.
Heavy metal accumulation in medicinal plants collected from environmentally different sites. Biomed. Environtal Science 21, 319-324.
[3] Asif, M. 2015. Chemistry and antioxidant activity of plants containing some phenolic compounds. International Scientific Organization Journal. Vol 1 (1) : 35-52.
[4] Birch AE, Fenner GP, Watkins R, Boyd LC.2001. Antioxidant properties of evening primrose seed extracts. J Agric Food Chem (49): 4502-4507.
[5] Khalaf NA, Ashok KS, Atif AO, Zaha EA, Husni F. 2007. Antioxidant activitie of some common plants. Turk J Biol (31):1-5.
[6] Ogata M, Hoshin M, Rano S, Endo T.
2000.Antioxidant activity of eugenol and related monomeric and dimeric compounds. ChemPharm Bull 48: 147-
149.
[7] Rajalakshmi, D dan S. Narasimhan. (1985). Food Antioxidants: Sources and Methods of Evaluation dalam D.L. Madhavi: Food Antioxidant, Technological, Toxilogical and Health Perspectives. Marcel Dekker Inc., Hongkong: 76-77.
[8] Pourmorad F, Hosseinimehr SJ, Shahabimajd N.2006. Antioxidant activity, phenol, and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants. Africans Journal of Biotechnology (11): 1142-1145.
[9] Nurdin, A., Ahmad, M., Hadi, S. 2001.
Isolasi Eugenol dari minyak daun cengkeh skala pilot plant. Jurnal Sains dan
Teknologi. 3 : 58-62.
[10] Nurdjannah dan Mariska. 1988. Pengaruh tipe tanaman dan ketuaan daun cengkeh terhadap kandungan minyak dan eugenolnya. Bull Litro 2 : 93-97.
[11] Barbara J.E. S., and Christine J. C. B.
2006. What are Endophytes. In
Microbial Root Endophytes (Eds: Thomas N. Sieber). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
[12] Tarabily, K, A. H. Nassar, K.
Sivasithamparam. 2003. Promotion of Plant Growth By An Auxin-Producing Isolat of The Yeast Williopsis Saturnus Endophytic In Maize Roots. The Sixth U.A E University Research Conference. Hlm : 60-69.
[13] Lautan, J. (1997). Radikal Bebas Pada Eritrosit dan Leukosit. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 116, 49-52.
[14] Sies,H. 1993. Strategies of Antioxidant
Defense. Biochemical Societies. Vol.
215 : 213-219.
[15] Tahir, I., Wijaya, K., Widianingsih, D.
2003. Seminar on Chemometrics. Chemistry Dept Gadjah Mada University. Terapan Analisis.
[16] Tahir, I., Wijaya, K., Widianingsih, D., 2003, Seminar on Chemometrics. Chemistry Dept Gadjah Mada University, Terapan Analisis.
[17] Anita, D., Avtar, S., Ritu, M. 2015.
Antioxidants of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Prevent Metal Induced Oxidative Damage of Biomolecules. Int. Res. J. Pharm. Vol 6 (4) : 273-278 DOI
: 10.7897/2230-8407.06460.
[18] Sogandi and P Nilasari. (2019).
Isolation and molecular identification of Endophytic bacteria from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia l.) and their antibacterial activity. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 299 012020.
[19] Sahu, R.K., Kar, M., Routray, R. 2013.
DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Leafy Vegetables Used by Tribals of Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies. Vol 1 (4) : 21-
27 ISSN : 2320-3862.
[20] Sogandi, Apon ZM, I Made A (2019) The characterization of bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from traditional fermented foods in Indonesia and the detection of its plantaricin-encoding genes. Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology. 24(1):1-7. DOI:
10.22146/ijbiotech.42582.
[21] Jiang, H., Dong, H., Zhang, G., Yu, B., Chapman, L.R., Fields, M.W. 2006. Microbial Diversity in Water and Sediment of Lake Chaka, an Athalassohaline Lake in Northwestern China. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72 (6) 3832–3845 doi:10.1128/AEM.02869-05.
[22] Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar . 2011. MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods Molecul Biol Evol 28 (10) 2731-2739 doi:
10.1093/molbev/msr121.
[23] Suhendar U, Sogandi. 2019.
Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) Sebagai Inhibitor Streptococcus mutans. Al-kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi. 12(2) :
229-239 DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v
12i2.12251.
[24] Bolfoni MR, Ferla MDS, Sposito ODS, Giardino L, Jacinto RDC, Pappen FG. 2014. Effect of a surfactant on the antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite solutions. Braz Dent J 24 (5): 416-419.
[25] Lodewyckx C, Vangronsveld J, Porteous F, Moore ERB, Taghavi S, Mezgeay M, Van DLD. 2002. Endophytic bacteria and their potential applications. Crit Rev Plant Sci 21:
583–606.
[26] Zinniel DK, Lambrecht P, Harris BN, Feng Z, Kuczmarski D, Higley P, Ishimaru CA, Arunakumari A, Barletta RG, Vidaver AK. 2002. Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 68(5):
2198-2208.
[27] Motlhanka, D.M.T., Habtemariam, S., Houghton, P. 2008. Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Crude Extracts and 4-O-Methylepigallocatechin Isolated From Roots of Cassine transvaalensis Burtt-Davy from Botswana. African Journal of Biomedical Research. Vol 11
: 55-63. ISSN 1119 – 5096
[28] Sahu, R.K., Kar, M., Routray, R. 2013.
DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Leafy Vegetables Used by Tribals of Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies. Vol 1 (4) : 21-
27 ISSN:2320-3862.
[29] Demla M,Verma H . 2012. Invitro antioxidant activity,total phenolic and total flavonoid content of different extracts of Solanum xanthocarpum Berries. International Journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences.
4:154-157.
[30] Rojas, D.F.C., Souza, C.R.F., Oliveira, W.P. 2014. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) : a precious spice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Vol 4 (2) : 90-96.
[31] Chaieb, K., Zmantar, T., Ksouri, R., Hajlaoui, H., Mahdouani, K., Abdelly, C. and Bakhrouf, A. 2007. Antioxidant properties of the essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata and its antifungal activity against a large number of clinical
Candida species. Mycoses 50: 403-406.
[32] Stanbury P, Whitaker A, Hall S (2016) Principles of Fermentation Technology. Third Edition. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford.
[33] Sogandi, Apon ZM, I Made A, Bugi RB. (2015). Inhibitory activity of Lactobacillus plantarum U10 isolated from Tempoyak (Fermented Durian) Made in Indnesia against Salmonella typhi. Microbiology Indonesia. 9(2): 73-
81.
[34] Candrawati, E., Rupaedah, B., Sumpono, Sundaryono, A. 2018. Ability of Active Compound Extract of Endophytic Bacteria to Inhibit the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. in Oil Palm. Journal of Biotechnology and Biosains. Vol 5 (2) : 214-221 ISSN :
2548 – 611X.
[35] Harris, L.G., Foster, S.J., Richards, R.G. 2002. An introduction to Staphylococcus aureus, and techniques for identifying and quantifying Staphylococcus aureus adhesins in relation to adhesion to biomaterials : review. European cells and materials. Vol 4 : 39-60 ISSN 1473-2262.
[36] Wilkinson BJ (1997) Biology. In: Crossley KB, Archer GL, eds. The Staphylococci in Human Diseases. Churchill Livingston, London. pp 1-38.
[37] Khianngam, S., Techakriengkrai, T., Raksasiri, B. V., Kanjanamaneesathian, M., and Tanasupawat, S. (2013). “Isolation and screening of endophytic bacteria for hydrolytic enzymes from plant in mangrove forest at Pranburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand,” in Proceedings of the 5th.
[38] Nakatsuji, T., Chen, T.H., Butcher, A.M., Trzoss, L.L., Nam, S.J., Shirakawa, K.T., Zhou, W., Oh, J., Otto, M., Fenical, W., Gallo, R.L. 2018. A Commensal Strain of Staphylococcus
epidermidis Protects Against Skin
Neoplasia. Sci. Adv. DOI :
10.1126/sciadv.aao4502 .
[39] Nawangsih, A.A., Damayanti, I., Wiyono, S., Kartika, J.G. 2011. Selection and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Disease. Hayati Journal of Biosciences. Vol. 18 (2) : 66-70 DOI :
10.4308/hjb.18.2.66.
[40] Sogandi, Rabima. 2019. Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) dan Potensinya sebagai Antioksidan. Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi. 22(5): 206-212. DOI:
10.14710/jksa.22.5.206-212.
[41] Yulia, R dan Wijaya I.S. 2015.
Senyawa Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol
Glycine max (L.) Merr Varietas Detam 1
Hasil Ekstraksi Ultrasonik. Jurnal Sains
Farmasi & Klinis. Vol.02 No.01.
[42] Wang, P., Kong, F., Wei, J., Wang. Y., Wang, W., Hong, K., Zhu, W. 2014. Alkaloids from the Mangrove-Derived Actinomycetes Jishengella endophytica
161111. Mar. Drugs. Vol. 12 (1) : 477-
490 DOI : 10.3390/md12010477