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Dec 12, 2021
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Mar 31, 2022
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Abstract
Prevailing vitamin A deficiency is a malnutrition repercussing retarded growth, weak immune system and night-blindness in human beings. Pro-vitamin A enriched maize hybrids could be a strategy for combating vitamin A deficiency, mostly prevailing in children and women of Nepal. With the objective to investigate superior pro-vitamin A enriched ‘bio-fortified’ maize cultivars, twice replicated experiments were laid out in α-lattice design over two consecutive growing seasons of 2019 and 2019/20 at the National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The results revealed that the difference among tested hybrids was glaring for all agro-morphological, yield, and yield components traits. Among the evaluated traits, days to 50% anthesis and silking, plant and ear height, numbers of kernel rows per cob, grains per row, and grain yield varied significantly among the tested maize hybrids. Effect of planting season was significant for grain yield where winter maize produced 32% higher grain yield than spring maize. HPO16-2, HPO49-3, HPO49-5, and HPO49-2 were the 38-61% high yielding ‘bio-fortified’ maize genotypes than normal hybrid check. Therefore, these hybrids might be the potential higher-yielding future pro-vitamin A enriched maize hybrids to resolve food insecurity, malnutrition, trade deficit on maize grains and specially to combat vitamin A deficiency in Nepal.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Tripathi, M. P., Gautam, D., Koirala, K. B., Shrestha, H. K., & Besir, A. (2022). Evaluation of pro-vitamin A enriched maize hybrids for fighting hidden hunger in Nepal. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 3(1), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.03.01.03
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Nielsen, R. L., Thomison, P. R., Brown, G. A., Halter, A. L., Wells, J., & Wuethrich, K. L. (2002). Delayed planting effects on flowering and grain maturation of dent corn. Agronomy Journal, 94(3), 549-558.
Ortiz-Monasterio, J. I., Palacios-Rojas, N., Meng, E., Pixley, K., Trethowan, R., & Pena, R. J. (2007). En-hancing the mineral and vitamin content of wheat and maize through plant breeding. Journal of Cere-al Science, 46(3), 293-307. CrossRef
Osti, N. P. (2019). Animal feed resources and their management in Nepal. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 4(1), 02-14.
Parthasarathi, T., Velu, G., & Jeyakumar, P. (2013). Impact of crop heat units on growth and developmental physiology of future crop production: a review. Journal of Crop Science and Technology, 2(1), 2319-3395.
Poudel, M., Paudel, H., & Yadav, B. (2015). Correlation of traits afffecting grain yield in winter maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 3(3), 443-445. CrossRef
Pixley, K., Palacios, N. R., Babu, R., Mutale, R., Surles, R., Simpungwe, E. (2013). “Biofortification of maize with provitamin A carotenoids,” in Carotenoids in Human Health. Ed. Tanumihardo, S. A., (271–292). Springer Science and Business Media. CrossRef
Ranum, P., Peña‐Rosas, J. P., & Garcia‐Casal, M. N. (2014). Global maize production, utilization, and consumption. Annals of the New York Academy Sciences, 1312(1), 105-112. CrossRef
Revilla, P., Malvar, R., Cartea, M., Butrón, A., & Ordás, A. (2000). Inheritance of cold tolerance at emergence and during early season growth in maize. Crop Science, 40(6), 1579-1585.
Simkhada, S. (2020). Review on Nepal’s increasing agricultural import. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3(10), 77-78. CrossRef
Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture. (2020) Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Develop-ment (MoALD), Singh Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Taipodia, R., & Shukla, A. (2013). Effect of planting time on growth and yield of winter maize (Zea mays L.) after harvesting rice. Journal of Krishi Vigyan, 2(1), 15-18.
Thapa, G., Gautam, S., Rahut, D. B., & Choudhary, D. (2021). Cost advantage of biofortified maize for the poultry feed industry and its implications for value chain actors in Nepal. Journal of Internation-al Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 33(3), 265-289.
Vasic, N., Ivanovic, M., Peternelli, L., Jockovic, D., Stojakovic, M., & Bocanski, J. (2001). Genetic relationships between grain yield and yield components in a synthetic maize population and their implications in selection. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 49(4), 337-342.
Zaidi, P., Yadav, M., Maniselvan, P., Khan, R., Shadakshari, T., Singh, R., & Pal, D. (2010). Morpho-physiological traits associated with cold stress tolerance in tropical maize (Zea mays L.). Maydica. 201-208.
Zsubori, Z., Gyenes-Hegyi, Z., Illés, O., Pók, I., Rácz, F., & Szőke, C. (2002). Inheritance of plant and ear height in maize (Zea mays L.). Acta Agraria Debreceniensis(8), 34-38.
Alvarado, G., Lopez, M., Vargas, M., Pacheco, A., Rodríguez, F., Burgueño, J., & Crossa, J. (2015). META-R (Multi Environment Trial Analysis with R for Windows) Version 5.0 Direct Link. ">hdl:11529/10201 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, [Distributor] V13 [Version].
Andersson, M. S., Saltzman, A., Virk, P. S., & Pfeiffer, W. H. (2017). Progress update: crop development of bio-fortified staple food crops under Harvest-Plus. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 17(2), 11905-11935.
Asson-Batres, M. A., Rochette-Egly, C. (2016). The Bio-chemistry of retinoid Signaling II: The Physiology of Vitamin A-Uptake, Transport, Metabolism and Sig-naling. Springer. CrossRef
Bakhtavar, M. A., Afzal, I., Basra, S. M. A., & Noor, M. A. (2015). Physiological strategies to improve the performance of spring maize (Zea mays L.) planted under early and optimum sowing conditions. PLoS One, 10(4), e0124441. CrossRef
Bhandari, S., & Banjara, M. R. (2015). Micronutrients deficiency, a hidden hunger in Nepal: prevalence, causes, consequences, and solutions. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2015. CrossRef
Bouis, H. E., & Welch, R. M. (2010). Biofortification—a sustainable agricultural strategy for reducing mi-cronutrient malnutrition in the global south. Crop Science, 50, S-20. CrossRef
Buso, W. H. D., Gomes, L. L., Ballesta, P., & Mora, F. (2019). A phenotypic comparison of yield and related traits in elite commercial corn hybrids resistant to pests. Idesia, 37(2), 45-50.
Fiedler, J. L. (2000). The Nepal national vitamin A Program: prototype to emulate or donor enclave? Health Policy and Planning, 15(2), 145-156.
Giuliano, G. (2017). Provitamin A biofortification of crop plants: A gold rush with many miners. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 44, 169-180. CrossRef
Khan, A. S., Ullah, H., Shahwar, D., Fahad, S., Khan, N., Yasir, M., . . . Noor, M. (2018). Heritability and correlation analysis of morphological and yield traits in Maize. Journal of Plant Biology and Crop Research, 2, 1-8.
Li, Y., Dong, Y., Niu, S., & Cui, D. (2007). The genetic relationship among plant-height traits found using multiple-trait QTL mapping of a dent corn and popcorn cross. Genome, 50(4), 357-364. doi: CrossRef
Maqbool, M. A., & Beshir, A. (2019). Zinc biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.): Status and challenges. Plant Breeding, 138(1), 1-28. doi: CrossRef
Maqbool, M. A., Aslam, M., Beshir, A., & Khan, M. S. (2018). Breeding for provitamin A biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Breeding, 137(4), 451-469. doi: CrossRef
Muzhingi, T., Palacios‐Rojas, N., Miranda, A., Cabrera, M. L., Yeum, K. J., & Tang, G. (2017). Genetic variation of carotenoids, vitamin E and phenolic compounds in provitamin A biofortified maize. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 97(3), 793-801. doi: CrossRef
Nielsen, R. L., Thomison, P. R., Brown, G. A., Halter, A. L., Wells, J., & Wuethrich, K. L. (2002). Delayed planting effects on flowering and grain maturation of dent corn. Agronomy Journal, 94(3), 549-558.
Ortiz-Monasterio, J. I., Palacios-Rojas, N., Meng, E., Pixley, K., Trethowan, R., & Pena, R. J. (2007). En-hancing the mineral and vitamin content of wheat and maize through plant breeding. Journal of Cere-al Science, 46(3), 293-307. CrossRef
Osti, N. P. (2019). Animal feed resources and their management in Nepal. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 4(1), 02-14.
Parthasarathi, T., Velu, G., & Jeyakumar, P. (2013). Impact of crop heat units on growth and developmental physiology of future crop production: a review. Journal of Crop Science and Technology, 2(1), 2319-3395.
Poudel, M., Paudel, H., & Yadav, B. (2015). Correlation of traits afffecting grain yield in winter maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 3(3), 443-445. CrossRef
Pixley, K., Palacios, N. R., Babu, R., Mutale, R., Surles, R., Simpungwe, E. (2013). “Biofortification of maize with provitamin A carotenoids,” in Carotenoids in Human Health. Ed. Tanumihardo, S. A., (271–292). Springer Science and Business Media. CrossRef
Ranum, P., Peña‐Rosas, J. P., & Garcia‐Casal, M. N. (2014). Global maize production, utilization, and consumption. Annals of the New York Academy Sciences, 1312(1), 105-112. CrossRef
Revilla, P., Malvar, R., Cartea, M., Butrón, A., & Ordás, A. (2000). Inheritance of cold tolerance at emergence and during early season growth in maize. Crop Science, 40(6), 1579-1585.
Simkhada, S. (2020). Review on Nepal’s increasing agricultural import. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3(10), 77-78. CrossRef
Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture. (2020) Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Develop-ment (MoALD), Singh Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Taipodia, R., & Shukla, A. (2013). Effect of planting time on growth and yield of winter maize (Zea mays L.) after harvesting rice. Journal of Krishi Vigyan, 2(1), 15-18.
Thapa, G., Gautam, S., Rahut, D. B., & Choudhary, D. (2021). Cost advantage of biofortified maize for the poultry feed industry and its implications for value chain actors in Nepal. Journal of Internation-al Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 33(3), 265-289.
Vasic, N., Ivanovic, M., Peternelli, L., Jockovic, D., Stojakovic, M., & Bocanski, J. (2001). Genetic relationships between grain yield and yield components in a synthetic maize population and their implications in selection. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 49(4), 337-342.
Zaidi, P., Yadav, M., Maniselvan, P., Khan, R., Shadakshari, T., Singh, R., & Pal, D. (2010). Morpho-physiological traits associated with cold stress tolerance in tropical maize (Zea mays L.). Maydica. 201-208.
Zsubori, Z., Gyenes-Hegyi, Z., Illés, O., Pók, I., Rácz, F., & Szőke, C. (2002). Inheritance of plant and ear height in maize (Zea mays L.). Acta Agraria Debreceniensis(8), 34-38.