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Sep 23, 2022
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Mar 10, 2023
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Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the genotype by environment (G×E) interaction of 20 rice hybrids tested in eight environments which include four locations and two different cropping seasons in Malaysia. The parameter was observed on yield per ha, number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, and thousand-grain weight. Data analysis was used by ANOVA and stability measurement according to AMMI and GGE biplot graph. The ANOVA indicated that all studied phenotypic showed significantly different in variance genotypes, season, location, location × season, genotype × season, genotype × location × season. The most promising hybrids were G19, G3, G18, G13, G8, G7, and G14, resulting in a higher mean yield per ha. The multivariate stability analysis defined those hybrids divided into three categories. The first category is hybrids with high mean yield and wide adaptability (G19, G18, G3 and G4), the second category is the hybrid exhibiting high mean yield and is suitable for a specific environment (G12) and lastly, a hybrid with low yield and high stability (G9, G11 and G1). Hybrids with high yield and stable performance could be further evaluated in large-scale planting for prior release for commercial.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
S., E., Y., M. R., R., A., J., M., & R., S. I. (2023). Multivariate analysis of GGE and AMMI biplot graph to investigate geno-type by environment interaction of rice hybrids at multiple locations in Malaysia. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 4(1), 48-62. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.04.01.06
References
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Akter, A., Jamil Hasan, M., Ummu Kulsum, M., Lipi, L.F., Begum, H., Md Farhat Rahman, N., Farhat, T. & Ibne Baki, M. Z. (2019). Stability and adaptability of promising hybrid rice genotypes in different locations of Bangladesh. Advances in Plants and Agriculture Research, 9(1):35 – 39. Direct Link.
Balakrishnan, D., Subrahmanyam, D., Badri, J., Raju A. K., Rao, Y. V., Beerelli, K., Mesapogu, S., Surapaneni, M., Ponnuswamy, R., Padmavathi G., Ravindra Babu, V. & Neelamraju, S. (2016). Genotype × en-vironment interaction of yield traits in backcross introgression lines derived from Oryza sativa cv. Swarna/Oryza nivara. Frontier in Plant Science, 7: 1 - 19. CrossRef
Burton, G.W. (1952). Quantitative inheritance in pearl millet (Ptyphoides L.). Agronomy Journal, 50: 503. CrossRef
Elixon, S., Mohd Rafii, Y., Asfaliza, R., Mashitah, J. & Shairul Izzan, R. (2022). Genotype × environment interaction and stability analysis on physico-chemical traits of Malaysian rice hybrid across the environments. Australian Journal of Crop Sci-ence, 16(04): 512 – 521. CrossRef
Gauch, H. G. (2006). Statistical analysis of yield trials by AMMI and GGE. Crop Science, 46(4): 1488 - 1500. CrossRef
Gyawali, S., Poudel, A. & Poudel, S. (2018). Genetic vari-ability and association analysis in different rice genotypes in mid-hill of Western Nepal. Acta Sci-entific Agriculture, 2(9): 69 - 76. Direct Link.
Huang, M., Tang, Q. Y. Ao, H. J. & Zou Y. B. (2017). Yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and its production strategies. Journal of Integrative Agri-culture, 16(5): 1009 -1017. CrossRef
Islam, S. S., Anothai, J., Nualsri, C., & Soonsuwon, W. (2020). Analysis of genotype-environment inter-action and yield stability of Thai upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes using AMMI model. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 14(2): 363 – 370. CrossRef
Ismaeel, M., Ali Shah, S. M., Ur Rahman, A., & Ahmad Ra-za, M. (2018). Heritability and heterosis for yield and yield related traits in rice. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 34(3): 543 - 549. CrossRef
Jain, B. T., Sarial, A. K. & Kaushik, P. (2019). Understand-ing G × E interaction of elite basmati rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes under North Indian condi-tions using stability models. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(3): 5863 - 5885. CrossRef
Jiang, P., Xie, X., Huang, M., Zhou, X., Zhang, R., Chen, J., Wu, D., Xia, B., Xiong, H., Xu, F. & Zhou, Y. (2016). Potential yield increase of hybrid rice at five loca-tions in Southern China. Rice, 9(11): 1 - 14. CrossRef
Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H. F. & Comstock, R. E. (1955). Estimates of genetic and environmental vari-ances in soybean. Agronomy Journal, 47: 314 - 318. CrossRef
Kanfany, G., Ayenan, M. A. T., Zoclanclounon, Y. A. B., Kane, T., Ndiaye, M., Diatta, C., Diatta, J., Gueye, T. & Fofan, A. (2021). Analysis of genotype-
environment interaction and yield stability of in-troduced upland rice in the groundnut basin ag-roclimatic zone of Senegal. Hindawi, CrossRef.
Kumar, S., Chauhan, M. P., Tomar, A. & Kasana, R. K. (2018). Coefficient of variation (GCV & PCV), her-itability and genetic advance analysis for yield contributing characters in rice (Oryza Sativa L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(3): 2161 - 2164. Direct Link.
Lakew, T., Dessie, A., Tariku, S. & Abebe, D. (2017). Evaluation of performance and yield stability analysis based on AMMI and GGE models in in-troduced upland rice genotypes tested across Northwest Ethiopia. International Journal of Re-search Studies in Agricultural Sciences, 3(2): 17 - 24. CrossRef
Li, R., Li, M., Ashraf, U., Liu, S. & Zhang, J. (2019). Explor-ing the relationships between yield and yield-related traits for rice varieties released in China from 1978 to 2017. Frontier in Plant Science, 10(543): 1 - 12. CrossRef
Mahalingam, L., Mahendran. S., Chandra Babu, R. & Atlin, G. (2006). AMMI analysis for stability of grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L). International Jour-nal of Botany, 2(2): 104 - 106. CrossRef
Neisse, A. C., Kirch, J. L. & Hongyu, K. (2018). AMMI and GGE biplot for genotype × environment interac-tion: A medoid–based hierarchical cluster analy-sis approach for high–dimensional data. Biomet-rical Letters, 55(2): 97 - 121. CrossRef
Oladosu, Y., Rafii M. Y., Abdullah, N., Magaji, U., Miah, G., Hussin, G. & Ramli, A. (2017). Genotype × envi-ronment interaction and stability analyses of yield and yield components of established and mutant rice genotypes tested in multiple loca-tions in Malaysia. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavi-ca, Section B: 1 - 17. CrossRef
Sairekha, K., Arumugachamy, S., Suresh R., Saraswathi, R. & Kumar, M. (2018). GGE biplot analysis for thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in multi-environment trials. Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sci-ences,7(1): 186 - 195. CrossRef
Shrestha, J., Kushwaha, U. K. S., Maharjan, B., Kandel, M., Gurung, S. B., Poudel, A. P., Lal Karna, M. K. & Acharya, R. (2020). Grain yield stability of rice genotypes. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Re-search, 3(2): 116 – 126. CrossRef
Singh, R. K. & Chaudhary, B. D. (1985). Biometrical meth-ods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Pub-lishers, Ludhiana, India.
Sudhir, K, Kumar, A., Pandey, A., Pattanayak, A., Singh, J., Singh I.M., Prakash N., Bhagawati, R. & Nagachan, S. V. (2017). Genotype × environment interac-tion, adaptability and yield stability of rice geno-types of North East India. International Journal of Plant Research, 30(1): 52 - 57. CrossRef
Tuhina-Khatun, M., Hanafi, M. M., Yusop, M. R., Wong, M. Y., Salleh, F. M. & Ferdous, J. (2015). Genetic vari-ation, heritability and diversity analysis of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes based on quanti-tative traits. BioMed Research International, 2015: 1 - 7. CrossRef
Xuan, Y., Yi, Y., Liang, H., Wei, S., Jiang, L., Ali, I., Ullah, S. & Zhao, Q. (2019). Effects of meteorological fac-tors on the yield and quality of special rice in dif-ferent periods after anthesis. Agricultural Scienc-es,10: 451 - 475. CrossRef
Yadav, P., Singh, P., Gaurav Kumar, H., Khan, Khan, S. N. A. & Dwivedi, D. K. (2018). Estimation of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of thirty rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes in saline and normal condition. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science, 7: 1531 - 1539. Direct Link.
Yan, W. & Hunt, L. A. (1998). Genotype by environment interaction and crop yield. Plant Breeding Review, Vol. 16: 35 - 178. CrossRef
Yan, W. (2001). GGE Biplot: A windows application for graphical analysis of multi-environment trial da-ta. Agronomy Journal, 93:1111 - 1118. CrossRef
Yan, W. Hunt, L.A, Sheng, Q. & Szlavnics, Z. (2000). Culti-var evaluation and mega-environment investiga-tion based on GGE biplot. Crop Science, 40: 597 - 60. CrossRef
Akter, A., Jamil Hasan, M., Ummu Kulsum, M., Lipi, L.F., Begum, H., Md Farhat Rahman, N., Farhat, T. & Ibne Baki, M. Z. (2019). Stability and adaptability of promising hybrid rice genotypes in different locations of Bangladesh. Advances in Plants and Agriculture Research, 9(1):35 – 39. Direct Link.
Balakrishnan, D., Subrahmanyam, D., Badri, J., Raju A. K., Rao, Y. V., Beerelli, K., Mesapogu, S., Surapaneni, M., Ponnuswamy, R., Padmavathi G., Ravindra Babu, V. & Neelamraju, S. (2016). Genotype × en-vironment interaction of yield traits in backcross introgression lines derived from Oryza sativa cv. Swarna/Oryza nivara. Frontier in Plant Science, 7: 1 - 19. CrossRef
Burton, G.W. (1952). Quantitative inheritance in pearl millet (Ptyphoides L.). Agronomy Journal, 50: 503. CrossRef
Elixon, S., Mohd Rafii, Y., Asfaliza, R., Mashitah, J. & Shairul Izzan, R. (2022). Genotype × environment interaction and stability analysis on physico-chemical traits of Malaysian rice hybrid across the environments. Australian Journal of Crop Sci-ence, 16(04): 512 – 521. CrossRef
Gauch, H. G. (2006). Statistical analysis of yield trials by AMMI and GGE. Crop Science, 46(4): 1488 - 1500. CrossRef
Gyawali, S., Poudel, A. & Poudel, S. (2018). Genetic vari-ability and association analysis in different rice genotypes in mid-hill of Western Nepal. Acta Sci-entific Agriculture, 2(9): 69 - 76. Direct Link.
Huang, M., Tang, Q. Y. Ao, H. J. & Zou Y. B. (2017). Yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and its production strategies. Journal of Integrative Agri-culture, 16(5): 1009 -1017. CrossRef
Islam, S. S., Anothai, J., Nualsri, C., & Soonsuwon, W. (2020). Analysis of genotype-environment inter-action and yield stability of Thai upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes using AMMI model. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 14(2): 363 – 370. CrossRef
Ismaeel, M., Ali Shah, S. M., Ur Rahman, A., & Ahmad Ra-za, M. (2018). Heritability and heterosis for yield and yield related traits in rice. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 34(3): 543 - 549. CrossRef
Jain, B. T., Sarial, A. K. & Kaushik, P. (2019). Understand-ing G × E interaction of elite basmati rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes under North Indian condi-tions using stability models. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(3): 5863 - 5885. CrossRef
Jiang, P., Xie, X., Huang, M., Zhou, X., Zhang, R., Chen, J., Wu, D., Xia, B., Xiong, H., Xu, F. & Zhou, Y. (2016). Potential yield increase of hybrid rice at five loca-tions in Southern China. Rice, 9(11): 1 - 14. CrossRef
Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H. F. & Comstock, R. E. (1955). Estimates of genetic and environmental vari-ances in soybean. Agronomy Journal, 47: 314 - 318. CrossRef
Kanfany, G., Ayenan, M. A. T., Zoclanclounon, Y. A. B., Kane, T., Ndiaye, M., Diatta, C., Diatta, J., Gueye, T. & Fofan, A. (2021). Analysis of genotype-
environment interaction and yield stability of in-troduced upland rice in the groundnut basin ag-roclimatic zone of Senegal. Hindawi, CrossRef.
Kumar, S., Chauhan, M. P., Tomar, A. & Kasana, R. K. (2018). Coefficient of variation (GCV & PCV), her-itability and genetic advance analysis for yield contributing characters in rice (Oryza Sativa L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(3): 2161 - 2164. Direct Link.
Lakew, T., Dessie, A., Tariku, S. & Abebe, D. (2017). Evaluation of performance and yield stability analysis based on AMMI and GGE models in in-troduced upland rice genotypes tested across Northwest Ethiopia. International Journal of Re-search Studies in Agricultural Sciences, 3(2): 17 - 24. CrossRef
Li, R., Li, M., Ashraf, U., Liu, S. & Zhang, J. (2019). Explor-ing the relationships between yield and yield-related traits for rice varieties released in China from 1978 to 2017. Frontier in Plant Science, 10(543): 1 - 12. CrossRef
Mahalingam, L., Mahendran. S., Chandra Babu, R. & Atlin, G. (2006). AMMI analysis for stability of grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L). International Jour-nal of Botany, 2(2): 104 - 106. CrossRef
Neisse, A. C., Kirch, J. L. & Hongyu, K. (2018). AMMI and GGE biplot for genotype × environment interac-tion: A medoid–based hierarchical cluster analy-sis approach for high–dimensional data. Biomet-rical Letters, 55(2): 97 - 121. CrossRef
Oladosu, Y., Rafii M. Y., Abdullah, N., Magaji, U., Miah, G., Hussin, G. & Ramli, A. (2017). Genotype × envi-ronment interaction and stability analyses of yield and yield components of established and mutant rice genotypes tested in multiple loca-tions in Malaysia. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavi-ca, Section B: 1 - 17. CrossRef
Sairekha, K., Arumugachamy, S., Suresh R., Saraswathi, R. & Kumar, M. (2018). GGE biplot analysis for thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in multi-environment trials. Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sci-ences,7(1): 186 - 195. CrossRef
Shrestha, J., Kushwaha, U. K. S., Maharjan, B., Kandel, M., Gurung, S. B., Poudel, A. P., Lal Karna, M. K. & Acharya, R. (2020). Grain yield stability of rice genotypes. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Re-search, 3(2): 116 – 126. CrossRef
Singh, R. K. & Chaudhary, B. D. (1985). Biometrical meth-ods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Pub-lishers, Ludhiana, India.
Sudhir, K, Kumar, A., Pandey, A., Pattanayak, A., Singh, J., Singh I.M., Prakash N., Bhagawati, R. & Nagachan, S. V. (2017). Genotype × environment interac-tion, adaptability and yield stability of rice geno-types of North East India. International Journal of Plant Research, 30(1): 52 - 57. CrossRef
Tuhina-Khatun, M., Hanafi, M. M., Yusop, M. R., Wong, M. Y., Salleh, F. M. & Ferdous, J. (2015). Genetic vari-ation, heritability and diversity analysis of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes based on quanti-tative traits. BioMed Research International, 2015: 1 - 7. CrossRef
Xuan, Y., Yi, Y., Liang, H., Wei, S., Jiang, L., Ali, I., Ullah, S. & Zhao, Q. (2019). Effects of meteorological fac-tors on the yield and quality of special rice in dif-ferent periods after anthesis. Agricultural Scienc-es,10: 451 - 475. CrossRef
Yadav, P., Singh, P., Gaurav Kumar, H., Khan, Khan, S. N. A. & Dwivedi, D. K. (2018). Estimation of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of thirty rice (Oryza Sativa L.) genotypes in saline and normal condition. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science, 7: 1531 - 1539. Direct Link.
Yan, W. & Hunt, L. A. (1998). Genotype by environment interaction and crop yield. Plant Breeding Review, Vol. 16: 35 - 178. CrossRef
Yan, W. (2001). GGE Biplot: A windows application for graphical analysis of multi-environment trial da-ta. Agronomy Journal, 93:1111 - 1118. CrossRef
Yan, W. Hunt, L.A, Sheng, Q. & Szlavnics, Z. (2000). Culti-var evaluation and mega-environment investiga-tion based on GGE biplot. Crop Science, 40: 597 - 60. CrossRef