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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to select the best sowing time for two quinoa genotypes (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) grown in Ouargla, located in the Saharan region of Algeria. The adopted experimental device is of the random block type, comparing the effect of three sowing dates in 2018: October 16th, October 31st, and November 15th, on some vegetative growth parameters (number of seedlings raised, total number of plants, total fresh weight of plants, height of plants at panicle stage, number of branches per plant, average weight per plant), and yield parameters (number of panicles per plant, weight of the main panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and total weight of grains per square meter) of two quinoa genotypes: "Q102" Amarilla saccaca and "Giza". The obtained results show that the best sowing date for the "Q102" genotype is the first date (October 16th), which ranked first for most of the parameters studied. On the other hand, the best grain yield was observed by the second sowing date (October 31st). As for the "Giza1" genotype, no yield was observed for the first and second sowing dates, while a very low grain yield was observed only by the third sowing date. The results obtained make it possible to conclude the strong capacity of adaptation of genotype "Q102" to the edapho-climatic conditions of the south of Algeria compared to genotype "Giza1". In fact, this study shows that the production potential of quinoa in the Saharan regions is linked to both the genotype and the sowing date.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Mehda, S., Oustani, M., Bouazza, S., & Djaballah, I. (2023). Effect of sowing dates on the vegetative growth and yield parameters of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 4(1), 95-106. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.04.01.10
References
Aguilar, P. C., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2003). Cultivation of quinoa on the Peruvian Altiplano. Food Reviews International, 19(1-2), 31-41. CrossRef
Bazile, D., Pulvento, C., Verniau, A., Al-Nusairi, M. S., Ba, D., Breidy, J., . . . Otambekova, M. (2016). Worldwide evaluations of quinoa: preliminary results from post international year of quinoa FAO projects in nine countries. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 850. CrossRef
Bedoya-Perales, N. S., Pumi, G., Mujica, A., Talamini, E., & Domingos Padula, A. (2018). Quinoa expansion in Peru and its implications for land use management. Sustainability, 10(2), 532. CrossRef
Bilodeau, L. (2016). Parcelle d’essai de quinoa dans la chaudière-appalaches : Rapport final. Quebec. Direct Link.
Bois, J. F., Winkel, T., Lhomme, J. P., Raffaillac, J. P., & Rocheteau, A. (2006). Response of some Andean cultivars of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to temperature: effects on germination, phenology, growth and freezing. European Journal of Agronomy, 25(4), 299-308. CrossRef
Casini, P. (2019). Seed yield of two new quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) breeding lines as affected by sowing date in Central Italy. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 113(1), 51-62. CrossRef
Del Castillo Gutiérrez, C. R., & Winkel, T. (2014). Variación fenotípica intra-e inter-poblaciones en siete poblaciones de quinua del altiplano boliviano. Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales, 1(1), 58-64.
Durand, J.H. (1983). Les sols irrigables. Etude pédologique. Presses Universitaire de France.
Eisa, S. S., Eid, M., Abd El-Samad, E., Hussin, S., Abdel-Ati, A., El-Bordeny, N., . . . Masoud, A. (2017). ' Chenopodium quinoa' Willd. A new cash crop halophyte for saline regions of Egypt. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 11(3), 343-351. CrossRef
Erazzú, L., González, J., Buedo, S., & Prado, F. (2016). Effects of sowing density on Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa). Incidence on morphological aspects and grain yield in Var. CICA growing in Amaicha del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Lilloa, 53(1), 12-22.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2011). Proposition du Gouvernement bolivien en vue d’une Année internationale du quinoa. Direct Link.
Filho, A. M. M., Pirozi, M. R., Borges, J. T. D. S., Pinheiro Sant'Ana, H. M., Chaves, J. B. P., & Coimbra, J. S. D. R. (2017). Quinoa: nutritional, functional, and antinutritional aspects. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(8), 1618-1630. CrossRef
Hinojosa, L., Sanad, M. N., Jarvis, D. E., Steel, P., Murphy, K., & Smertenko, A. (2019). Impact of heat and drought stress on peroxisome proliferation in quinoa. The Plant Journal, 99(6), 1144-1158. CrossRef
Hirich, A., Choukr‐Allah, R., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2014). Quinoa in Morocco–effect of sowing dates on development and yield. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 200(5), 371-377. CrossRef
International Center for Bionsaline Agriculture. (2016). Le Quinoa pour les environnements marginaux, la péninsule arabique et les ÉAU. Direct Link.
Iqbal, M. A. (2015). An assessment of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) potential as a grain crop on marginal lands in Pakistan. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15, 16-23. Direct Link.
Isobe, K., Sugiyama, H., Okuda, D., Murase, Y., Harada, H., Miyamoto, M., . . . Torigoe, Y. (2016). Effects of sowing time on the seed yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) in South Kanto, Japan. Agricultural Sciences, 7(03), 146. CrossRef
Jacobsen, S. E. (2003). The worldwide potential for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Food Reviews International, 19(1-2), 167-177. CrossRef
Kezimana, P., Romanova, E., Gins, M., Marakhova, A., & Vanyurikhina, A. (2020). Breeding Perspectives of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa) in the Moscow Region. Theoretical & Applied Problems of Agro-industry, 40(3). CrossRef
Mehda, S., Muñoz‐Martín, M. Á., Oustani, M., Hamdi‐Aïssa, B., Perona, E., & Mateo, P. (2022). Lithic cyanobacterial communities in the polyextreme Sahara Desert: Implications for the search for the limits of life. Environmental Microbiology, 24(1), 451-474. CrossRef
Mujica, A., & Canahua, A. (1989). Fases fenológicas del cultivo de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Proceedings of the Curso taller : fenología de cultivos andinos y uso de la información agrometeorológica. Salcedo (pp. 23–27). Puno, Peru.
National Meteorological Office. (2019 September 12). Les données climatiques de la région de Ouargla. Office National de la Météorologique. Direct Link.
Oustani, M. (2006). Contribution à l'étude de l'influence des amendements organiques sur les propriétés microbiologiques des sols sableux non salés et salés dans les régions Sahariennes Cas de Ouargla [Thèse Magister, Uuniversité de Ouargla]. Ouargla.
Oustani, M., Halilat, M. T., & Mehda, S. (2019). Studies of agronomic performance of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes under arid conditions of northeast of the Algerian Sahara (Case of Oued righ). In Messaoudi, M. (Ed.), Proceedings of International Forum of Economics of agricultural production under the characteristics of agricultural region in Algeria and Arab countries (pp. 1119-1124). El Oued - Algeria.
Oustani, M., Mehda S., & Halilat, M. T. (2021). Valorization of oasis wastes by composting procedure under hot arid conditions of algerian saharan regions. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(6), 20976-20994.
Oustani, M., Mehda, S., Halilat, M. T., & Chenchouni, H. (2023). Yield, growth development and grain characteristics of seven Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes grown in open-field production systems under hot-arid climatic conditions. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1991. Cross-Ref
Pathan, S., & Siddiqui, R. A. (2022). Nutritional composition and bioactive components in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) greens: A review. Nutrients, 14(3), 558. CrossRef
Programme National de Transfert de Technologie en Agriculture. (2005). Les cultures alternatives : Quinoa, Amarante Et Epeautre. Bulletin mensuel d'information et de liaison du Programme National de Transfert de Technologie en Agriculture. Direct Link.
Ramesah, K. (2016). Evaluation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) at different dates of sowing and varied crop geometry in semi-arid regions of Telangana [Master of Science in Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University]. Telangana, India.
Rathore, S., Bala, M., Gupta, M., & Kumar, R. (2019). Introduction of multipurpose agro-industrial crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) in western Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 64(2), 287-292.
Ruiz, K. B., Biondi, S., Oses, R., Acuña-Rodríguez, I. S., Antognoni, F., Martinez-Mosqueira, E. A., . . . Zurita-Silva, A. (2014). Quinoa biodiversity and sustainability for food security under climate change. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 349-359. CrossRef
Sajjad, A., Munir, H., Ahmed Anjum, S., Tanveer, M., & Rehman, A. (2014). Growth and development of chenopodium quinoa genotypes at different sowing dates. Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(4), 03681157.
Scanlin, L., & Lewis, K. (2017). Quinoa as a sustainable protein source: Production, nutrition, and processing. In R. N. Sudarshan, P. D. W. Janitha, & S. Laurie (Eds.), Sustainable protein sources (1st ed., pp. 223-238). Elsevier.
Shoman, A. (2018). Effect of sowing dates and nitrogen on productivity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) at desert areas. Journal of Plant Production, 9(4), 327-332. CrossRef
Singh, R. K., Bhatnagar, G., Shukla, A. K., Verma, S. K., Supriya, A., & Meena, R. K. (2021). A Review: Nutritional, Medicinal and Economic Importance of Quinoa. Current Research in Agriculture and Farming, 2(2), 5-8. CrossRef
Sultanova, Z., Toderich, K., Baxtiyar, X., & Janibek, U. (2022). Cultivation of quinoa to improve food security in arid climate and salinization of the Southern Aral Sea region. Journal of Arid Land Studies, 32(3), 72-72. CrossRef
Temel, S., & Yolcu, S. (2020). The effect of different sowing time and harvesting stages on the herbage yield and quality of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 25(1), 41-49. CrossRef
Ujiie, K., Sasagawa, R., Yamashita, A., Isobe, K., & Ishii, R. (2007). Agronomic studies on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation in Japan. I. Determination of the proper seeding time in the southern Kanto district for good performance of the grain yield. Japanese Journal of Crop Science, 76(1), 59-64. CrossRef
Uke, O. (2016). Effects of Harvest times on herbage yield and quality of quinoa and teff plants [Graduate Thesis, Erciyes University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Field Crop]. Kayseri.
Vega‐Gálvez, A., Miranda, M., Vergara, J., Uribe, E., Puente, L., & Martínez, E. A. (2010). Nutrition facts and functional potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd.), an ancient Andean grain: a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(15), 2541-2547. CrossRef
Bazile, D., Pulvento, C., Verniau, A., Al-Nusairi, M. S., Ba, D., Breidy, J., . . . Otambekova, M. (2016). Worldwide evaluations of quinoa: preliminary results from post international year of quinoa FAO projects in nine countries. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 850. CrossRef
Bedoya-Perales, N. S., Pumi, G., Mujica, A., Talamini, E., & Domingos Padula, A. (2018). Quinoa expansion in Peru and its implications for land use management. Sustainability, 10(2), 532. CrossRef
Bilodeau, L. (2016). Parcelle d’essai de quinoa dans la chaudière-appalaches : Rapport final. Quebec. Direct Link.
Bois, J. F., Winkel, T., Lhomme, J. P., Raffaillac, J. P., & Rocheteau, A. (2006). Response of some Andean cultivars of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to temperature: effects on germination, phenology, growth and freezing. European Journal of Agronomy, 25(4), 299-308. CrossRef
Casini, P. (2019). Seed yield of two new quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) breeding lines as affected by sowing date in Central Italy. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 113(1), 51-62. CrossRef
Del Castillo Gutiérrez, C. R., & Winkel, T. (2014). Variación fenotípica intra-e inter-poblaciones en siete poblaciones de quinua del altiplano boliviano. Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales, 1(1), 58-64.
Durand, J.H. (1983). Les sols irrigables. Etude pédologique. Presses Universitaire de France.
Eisa, S. S., Eid, M., Abd El-Samad, E., Hussin, S., Abdel-Ati, A., El-Bordeny, N., . . . Masoud, A. (2017). ' Chenopodium quinoa' Willd. A new cash crop halophyte for saline regions of Egypt. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 11(3), 343-351. CrossRef
Erazzú, L., González, J., Buedo, S., & Prado, F. (2016). Effects of sowing density on Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa). Incidence on morphological aspects and grain yield in Var. CICA growing in Amaicha del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Lilloa, 53(1), 12-22.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2011). Proposition du Gouvernement bolivien en vue d’une Année internationale du quinoa. Direct Link.
Filho, A. M. M., Pirozi, M. R., Borges, J. T. D. S., Pinheiro Sant'Ana, H. M., Chaves, J. B. P., & Coimbra, J. S. D. R. (2017). Quinoa: nutritional, functional, and antinutritional aspects. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(8), 1618-1630. CrossRef
Hinojosa, L., Sanad, M. N., Jarvis, D. E., Steel, P., Murphy, K., & Smertenko, A. (2019). Impact of heat and drought stress on peroxisome proliferation in quinoa. The Plant Journal, 99(6), 1144-1158. CrossRef
Hirich, A., Choukr‐Allah, R., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2014). Quinoa in Morocco–effect of sowing dates on development and yield. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 200(5), 371-377. CrossRef
International Center for Bionsaline Agriculture. (2016). Le Quinoa pour les environnements marginaux, la péninsule arabique et les ÉAU. Direct Link.
Iqbal, M. A. (2015). An assessment of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) potential as a grain crop on marginal lands in Pakistan. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15, 16-23. Direct Link.
Isobe, K., Sugiyama, H., Okuda, D., Murase, Y., Harada, H., Miyamoto, M., . . . Torigoe, Y. (2016). Effects of sowing time on the seed yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) in South Kanto, Japan. Agricultural Sciences, 7(03), 146. CrossRef
Jacobsen, S. E. (2003). The worldwide potential for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Food Reviews International, 19(1-2), 167-177. CrossRef
Kezimana, P., Romanova, E., Gins, M., Marakhova, A., & Vanyurikhina, A. (2020). Breeding Perspectives of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa) in the Moscow Region. Theoretical & Applied Problems of Agro-industry, 40(3). CrossRef
Mehda, S., Muñoz‐Martín, M. Á., Oustani, M., Hamdi‐Aïssa, B., Perona, E., & Mateo, P. (2022). Lithic cyanobacterial communities in the polyextreme Sahara Desert: Implications for the search for the limits of life. Environmental Microbiology, 24(1), 451-474. CrossRef
Mujica, A., & Canahua, A. (1989). Fases fenológicas del cultivo de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Proceedings of the Curso taller : fenología de cultivos andinos y uso de la información agrometeorológica. Salcedo (pp. 23–27). Puno, Peru.
National Meteorological Office. (2019 September 12). Les données climatiques de la région de Ouargla. Office National de la Météorologique. Direct Link.
Oustani, M. (2006). Contribution à l'étude de l'influence des amendements organiques sur les propriétés microbiologiques des sols sableux non salés et salés dans les régions Sahariennes Cas de Ouargla [Thèse Magister, Uuniversité de Ouargla]. Ouargla.
Oustani, M., Halilat, M. T., & Mehda, S. (2019). Studies of agronomic performance of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes under arid conditions of northeast of the Algerian Sahara (Case of Oued righ). In Messaoudi, M. (Ed.), Proceedings of International Forum of Economics of agricultural production under the characteristics of agricultural region in Algeria and Arab countries (pp. 1119-1124). El Oued - Algeria.
Oustani, M., Mehda S., & Halilat, M. T. (2021). Valorization of oasis wastes by composting procedure under hot arid conditions of algerian saharan regions. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(6), 20976-20994.
Oustani, M., Mehda, S., Halilat, M. T., & Chenchouni, H. (2023). Yield, growth development and grain characteristics of seven Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes grown in open-field production systems under hot-arid climatic conditions. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1991. Cross-Ref
Pathan, S., & Siddiqui, R. A. (2022). Nutritional composition and bioactive components in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) greens: A review. Nutrients, 14(3), 558. CrossRef
Programme National de Transfert de Technologie en Agriculture. (2005). Les cultures alternatives : Quinoa, Amarante Et Epeautre. Bulletin mensuel d'information et de liaison du Programme National de Transfert de Technologie en Agriculture. Direct Link.
Ramesah, K. (2016). Evaluation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) at different dates of sowing and varied crop geometry in semi-arid regions of Telangana [Master of Science in Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University]. Telangana, India.
Rathore, S., Bala, M., Gupta, M., & Kumar, R. (2019). Introduction of multipurpose agro-industrial crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) in western Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 64(2), 287-292.
Ruiz, K. B., Biondi, S., Oses, R., Acuña-Rodríguez, I. S., Antognoni, F., Martinez-Mosqueira, E. A., . . . Zurita-Silva, A. (2014). Quinoa biodiversity and sustainability for food security under climate change. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 349-359. CrossRef
Sajjad, A., Munir, H., Ahmed Anjum, S., Tanveer, M., & Rehman, A. (2014). Growth and development of chenopodium quinoa genotypes at different sowing dates. Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(4), 03681157.
Scanlin, L., & Lewis, K. (2017). Quinoa as a sustainable protein source: Production, nutrition, and processing. In R. N. Sudarshan, P. D. W. Janitha, & S. Laurie (Eds.), Sustainable protein sources (1st ed., pp. 223-238). Elsevier.
Shoman, A. (2018). Effect of sowing dates and nitrogen on productivity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) at desert areas. Journal of Plant Production, 9(4), 327-332. CrossRef
Singh, R. K., Bhatnagar, G., Shukla, A. K., Verma, S. K., Supriya, A., & Meena, R. K. (2021). A Review: Nutritional, Medicinal and Economic Importance of Quinoa. Current Research in Agriculture and Farming, 2(2), 5-8. CrossRef
Sultanova, Z., Toderich, K., Baxtiyar, X., & Janibek, U. (2022). Cultivation of quinoa to improve food security in arid climate and salinization of the Southern Aral Sea region. Journal of Arid Land Studies, 32(3), 72-72. CrossRef
Temel, S., & Yolcu, S. (2020). The effect of different sowing time and harvesting stages on the herbage yield and quality of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 25(1), 41-49. CrossRef
Ujiie, K., Sasagawa, R., Yamashita, A., Isobe, K., & Ishii, R. (2007). Agronomic studies on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation in Japan. I. Determination of the proper seeding time in the southern Kanto district for good performance of the grain yield. Japanese Journal of Crop Science, 76(1), 59-64. CrossRef
Uke, O. (2016). Effects of Harvest times on herbage yield and quality of quinoa and teff plants [Graduate Thesis, Erciyes University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Field Crop]. Kayseri.
Vega‐Gálvez, A., Miranda, M., Vergara, J., Uribe, E., Puente, L., & Martínez, E. A. (2010). Nutrition facts and functional potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd.), an ancient Andean grain: a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(15), 2541-2547. CrossRef